Science 20

Dissolving as a prerequisite for reactions

I can explain why dissolving substances in water is often a prerequisite for a chemical reaction.

Electrolytes vs nonelectrolytes

I can tell electrolytes from nonelectrolytes based on their properties.

Expressing concentration

I can compare how concentration is expressed in moles per litre, percent by volume and parts per million.

Calculating concentration

I can calculate concentration in moles per litre, percent by volume and parts per million.

Diluting solutions

I can find the concentration of a diluted solution and how much concentrated solution and water to use.

Balancing single-replacement equations

I can balance a provided single-replacement reaction equation.

Reactivity of metals

I can determine the reactivity of metals by comparing their reactions in aqueous solutions.

Single-replacement reactions and mole ratios

I can relate single-replacement reactions to oxidation-reduction and use mole ratios to predict moles of metal.

Defining oxidation, reduction and spontaneity

I can operationally define oxidation, reduction, and spontaneous vs nonspontaneous reactions.

Voltaic and electrolytic cells

I can use redox and half-reactions to describe, in general terms, how voltaic and electrolytic cells work.

Metal extraction and corrosion protection

I can compare modern and traditional methods of extracting metals and protecting them from corrosion.

Materials from the petrochemical industry

I can identify everyday materials based on Alberta's petrochemical industry that involve energy changes.

Physical characteristics of hydrocarbons

I can identify the physical characteristics of hydrocarbons and the trends across alkanes, alkenes and alkynes.

IUPAC naming and structural formulas

I can give IUPAC names and structural formulas for simple noncyclic hydrocarbons up to eight carbons.

Refining and catalytic cracking

I can explain fractional distillation and catalytic cracking as ways to refine petroleum.

Important hydrocarbon reactions

I can classify, balance and apply mole ratios to key hydrocarbon reactions.

Scalars and vectors

I can distinguish scalar from vector quantities, including distance/displacement and speed/velocity.

Velocity and acceleration

I can define velocity and acceleration and calculate them with the right units.

Uniform vs uniformly accelerated motion

I can compare displacement in uniform motion with uniformly accelerated motion.

Defining momentum

I can define momentum as mass times velocity, a vector quantity.

Conservation of momentum

I can apply conservation of momentum to one-dimensional collisions and explosions.

Impulse and safety devices

I can relate impulse to momentum change and use it to explain how safety devices work.

Newton's first law and inertia

I can apply Newton's first law to explain an object's state of rest or uniform motion.

Newton's second law

I can apply Newton's second law to relate force, mass and motion.

Newton's third law

I can apply Newton's third law to explain the interaction between two objects.

Potential energy, kinetic energy and work

I can relate potential and kinetic energy to the work done, quantitatively.

Challenges of studying deep time

I can describe the challenges of investigating changes that take place over hundreds of millions of years.

How geologic theories have changed

I can describe, in general terms, how theories of geologic processes have changed over time.

Seismic waves and earthquake energy

I can describe how earthquake energy is transmitted by seismic waves.

The Richter scale

I can describe the relationship between the Richter scale and an earthquake's ground motion and energy.

P-waves, S-waves and surface waves

I can identify P-waves, S-waves and surface waves by their vibration, direction and destructiveness.

Seismic waves and Earth's interior

I can explain how seismic waves are used to understand Earth's internal structure.

The layers of Earth

I can identify and describe Earth's layers by their physical properties.

Evidence for plate tectonics

I can list and describe the evidence that supports the theory of plate tectonics.

Convection and the driving force of plate tectonics

I can explain how convection drives plate tectonics and why the heat-source explanation is tentative.

Radioisotopes and dating

I can explain how radioisotopes, radioactive decay and half-lives are used to date minerals and fossils.

Types of fossilization

I can describe common types of fossilization and the significance of the Burgess Shale.

Reading sedimentary rock layers

I can explain how sedimentary rock layers and fossils reveal chronology, paleoclimate, evolution and extinctions.

The four geologic eras

I can describe the major characteristics and life forms of the four geologic eras.

The rise of atmospheric oxygen

I can explain why oxygen became a major part of Earth's atmosphere after the evolution of chlorophyll.

Evidence of glaciation

I can describe the geologic evidence for repeated glaciation across Canada and locally.

Ice cores as climate records

I can explain how ice cores from polar icecaps record past warming and cooling.

Causes of climate change and mass extinctions

I can explain, in general terms, causes of climate change and mass extinctions.

Analyzing a local ecosystem

I can analyze a local ecosystem, distinguishing biotic from abiotic factors and how they affect populations.

Primary succession and climax communities

I can describe the stages of primary succession and the nature of a climax community.

Primary vs secondary succession

I can distinguish primary from secondary succession and compare natural and artificial triggers.

Impact of habitat destruction

I can describe the potential impact of habitat destruction on an ecosystem.

Introducing or removing a species

I can describe the effects of introducing a new species or removing an established one.

The biogeochemical cycles

I can outline the nitrogen, carbon, oxygen and water cycles and their interconnectedness.

Factors affecting the cycles

I can describe natural and artificial factors that affect the biogeochemical cycles.

Energy flow in an ecosystem

I can analyze how energy flows through an ecosystem using trophic levels and pyramids.

Trophic levels and ecological pyramids

I can explain why population size and biomass relate to trophic level, using ecological pyramids.

Variation and the forces of evolution

I can explain the sources of genetic variation and the forces that drive evolution.

Adaptation of species over time

I can describe how species adapt over time through variation, population size and environmental change.

Evidence for natural selection

I can describe the evidence for evolution by natural selection.

Gradualism vs punctuated equilibrium

I can compare gradual evolution with punctuated equilibrium.

Factors affecting population size

I can describe factors that impact the size of populations.

Human population growth

I can compare the growth pattern of the human population to that of other species.