Chemistry 30

Analyzing heat transfer with Q = mcΔt

I can use $Q = mc\Delta t$ to calculate the heat transferred in a temperature change.

Stored chemical energy came from the sun

I can explain how the energy stored in hydrocarbon bonds originally came from the sun.

Enthalpy and molar enthalpy

I can define enthalpy and molar enthalpy for a chemical reaction.

Balanced equations that include energy changes

I can write balanced equations that include the energy change.

Using and interpreting ΔH notation

I can use and interpret $\Delta H$ notation to communicate energy changes.

Predicting ΔH from standard enthalpies of formation

I can predict a reaction's enthalpy change using standard enthalpies of formation.

Hess's law for net reactions

I can use Hess's law to find a net reaction's enthalpy from a series of reactions.

Enthalpy changes from calorimetry data

I can use calorimetry data to determine a reaction's enthalpy change.

Reactants and products of key energy reactions

I can identify the reactants and products of photosynthesis, cellular respiration and hydrocarbon combustion.

Classifying reactions as endothermic or exothermic

I can classify reactions — including photosynthesis, respiration and combustion — as endothermic or exothermic.

Activation energy as the energy barrier

I can define activation energy as the barrier a reaction must overcome.

Energy changes from bonds breaking and forming

I can explain a reaction's energy change in terms of bonds breaking and forming.

Analyzing and labelling energy diagrams

I can analyze and label a potential-energy diagram of a reaction.

How catalysts speed reactions

I can explain how a catalyst increases reaction rate without changing the net energy.

Defining oxidation and reduction

I can define oxidation and reduction operationally and theoretically.

Redox terms: agents, oxidation number, half-reactions

I can define oxidizing agent, reducing agent, oxidation number, half-reaction and disproportionation.

Telling redox reactions apart from other reactions

I can tell a redox reaction from a non-redox reaction.

Redox in living and nonliving systems

I can identify electron transfer and the agents in everyday redox reactions.

Comparing strengths of oxidizing and reducing agents

I can compare the strengths of oxidizing and reducing agents from empirical data.

Predicting spontaneity from reduction potentials

I can predict the spontaneity of a redox reaction from standard reduction potentials.

Writing and balancing redox equations

I can write and balance redox equations using half-reactions.

Calculations for redox titrations

I can perform calculations for the quantities in a redox titration.

The parts of an electrochemical cell

I can define the parts of an electrochemical cell.

Voltaic vs electrolytic cells

I can identify the similarities and differences between voltaic and electrolytic cells.

Predicting the half-reaction at each electrode

I can predict and write the half-reaction at each electrode.

When predicted reactions do not occur

I can recognize that a predicted reaction does not always occur.

Reduction potentials relative to the hydrogen electrode

I can explain that reduction potentials are all relative to the hydrogen electrode set at 0 volts.

Calculating standard cell potential

I can calculate the standard cell potential of an electrochemical cell.

Spontaneity from cell potential

I can predict spontaneity from the standard cell potential and the table positions.

Faraday's law and cell stoichiometry

I can use Faraday's law and stoichiometry to find mass, amount, current or time in a cell.

Defining organic compounds

I can define organic compounds and recognize the inorganic carbon exceptions.

Significant organic compounds in daily life

I can identify significant everyday organic compounds and their uses.

IUPAC naming and drawing organic structures

I can name and draw organic structures using IUPAC rules.

Identifying compound types from functional groups

I can identify a compound's type from its functional group.

Structural isomerism

I can define structural isomerism and relate structure to properties.

Comparing boiling points and solubility

I can compare boiling points and solubility across and within organic families.

Separating organic compounds from mixtures

I can describe how organic compounds are separated from natural mixtures.

The five organic reaction types

I can define and illustrate addition, substitution, elimination, esterification and combustion reactions.

Predicting products and balancing organic equations

I can predict products and write balanced equations for organic reactions.

Monomers, polymers and polymerization

I can define monomers, polymers and polymerization with examples.

Organic reactions and the fossil-fuel economy

I can relate organic reactions to thermal energy and important compounds from fossil fuels.

Defining equilibrium and its criteria

I can define equilibrium and state its criteria.

Writing equations for systems at equilibrium

I can identify, write and interpret equations for systems at equilibrium.

Le Chatelier's principle

I can use Le Chatelier's principle to predict how an equilibrium shifts.

The equilibrium constant Kc and equilibrium-law expressions

I can define $K_c$ and write equilibrium-law expressions.

Brønsted–Lowry acids and bases

I can describe Brønsted–Lowry acids as proton donors and bases as proton acceptors.

Writing Brønsted–Lowry equations and predicting the favoured side

I can write Brønsted–Lowry equations and predict whether reactants or products are favoured.

Conjugate pairs and amphiprotic substances

I can identify conjugate acid-base pairs and amphiprotic substances.

Buffers

I can define a buffer and explain how it resists pH change.

Recalling pH, pOH and ion concentration

I can recall pH, pOH and their link to ion concentrations.

Using Kw, Ka and Kb

I can define $K_w$, $K_a$ and $K_b$ and use them to find pH, pOH and ion concentrations.

Equilibrium constant and concentration calculations

I can calculate equilibrium constants and concentrations from equilibrium data.