Science and Technology, Secondary 4

Unit 1: The Material World

Concentration and ions, acids/bases and the pH scale, combustion and neutralization, chemical bonding, energy and its conservation, the periodic table and atomic models, and electricity and magnetism.

• Molar concentration
• Electrolytes, ions and conduction

• The pH scale

• Combustion reactions
• Acid-base neutralization

• Covalent bonds
• Ionic bonds

• Conservation of energy and efficiency
• Kinetic energy

• Reading the periodic table
• Atomic models, Lewis notation and polyatomic ions

• Electric charges and static electricity
• Voltage, resistance and current (Ohm's law)
• Electrical power and energy

Unit 2: The Living World

Populations, communities, ecosystems and energy flow, and the balanced equations of photosynthesis and respiration.

• Populations and their factors
• Communities, ecosystems and energy flow

• Balanced equations of photosynthesis and respiration

Unit 3: The Earth and Space

Mining and soil, the carbon and nitrogen cycles, water and catchment areas, oceans and currents, glaciers, the atmosphere and climate, and biomes.

• Minerals, ore and mining impacts
• Soil structure, reactivity and permafrost

• Carbon and nitrogen cycles

• Catchment areas and human impact
• Salinity, currents and glaciers

• The greenhouse effect and climate change
• Air masses, clouds and atmospheric circulation

• Terrestrial and marine biomes
• Energy resources and their impact

Unit 4: The Technological World

Link characteristics and design choices, motion-system design, electrical power supply and control, and materials selection and protection.

• Link characteristics and assembly choices

• Choosing motion systems

• Power supply and conduction
• Control, protection and energy transformation

• Material selection and protection