Chemistry 12

Unit 1: Thermochemistry

Energy changes in chemical reactions: combustion equations, enthalpy, specific heat, bond energies, potential energy diagrams, calorimetry, Hess's law, and molar enthalpies of combustion.

• Designing a thermochemistry experiment
• Selecting instruments and processes
• Researching information
• Selecting and integrating information
• Displaying evidence

• Predicting heats of reaction
• Proposing alternative solutions
• Multiple perspectives
• Working cooperatively

• Combustion equations for alkanes
• Thermochemistry terms
• Energy in state changes and reactions
• Bond energies and reaction energy
• Potential energy diagrams
• Measuring reaction energy experimentally
• Molar enthalpies of combustion

Unit 2: From Solutions to Kinetics to Equilibrium

Reaction rates and dynamic equilibrium: collision theory and rate factors, the concept of equilibrium, and solubility and the factors that shift it, using Le Chatelier's principle.

• Developing sampling procedures
• Implementing sampling procedures
• Compiling and organizing data
• Classification and nomenclature
• Reaction rate
• The concept of equilibrium
• Solubility as equilibrium
• Factors affecting solubility

Unit 3: Acids and Bases

Acid-base chemistry: definitions up to Bronsted-Lowry, predicting products, strong vs weak using equilibrium, pH calculations, Le Chatelier, titration and concentration, and indicators.

• Stating a prediction and hypothesis
• Using instruments accurately
• Using apparatus safely
• WHMIS standards
• Classification and nomenclature (acids/bases)

• Line of best fit
• Interpreting data patterns
• New questions from results
• Modes of representation
• Working cooperatively (acids/bases)

• Acid-base definitions
• Predicting acid-base products
• Strong vs weak acids and bases
• Calculating pH
• H+ and OH- and Le Chatelier
• Concentration by titration
• Acid-base indicators

Unit 4: Organic Chemistry

The chemistry of carbon: formulas and diversity, IUPAC naming, isomers, functional-group families, predicting organic reactions, and polymerization.

• Defining and delimiting problems
• Limits of a classification system
• Evaluating evidence for bias
• Stating a conclusion
• Communicating ideas
• Synthesizing information
• Defending a position

• Formulas of organic compounds
• Diversity of organic compounds
• IUPAC naming
• Isomers
• Organic families
• Predicting organic reactions
• Polymerization