Mathematics, Grade 9 (De-streamed)

Unit 1: Number

The development and use of numbers across cultures; number sets and their density, infinity, and limits; the laws of exponents and scientific notation; and using integers, unit fractions, and proportional reasoning to solve real-life problems.

• Telling the story of a number concept across cultures

• Describing how subsets of a number system are defined
• Comparing similarities and differences between number subsets

• Using patterns to explain the density of a number set
• Using patterns to explain infinity and limit

• Analysing how the sign and size of an exponent affects the value of a power

• Using the exponent relationship to write scientific notation and evaluate powers

• Analysing the relationships between exponents and operations with powers

• Using the exponent laws to simplify numeric and algebraic expressions

• Applying integers to describe location, direction, amount, and change

• Applying unit fractions and their relationship to other fractional amounts

• Explaining the effects of positive and negative signs on ratios, rates, fractions, and decimals

• Solving problems with operations on positive and negative fractions and mixed numbers

• Posing and solving problems involving rates, percentages, and proportions

Unit 2: Algebra

The development and use of algebra; creating, comparing, and simplifying algebraic expressions; creating and solving equations; coding to represent algebraic concepts; and representing, comparing, and transforming linear relations.

• Telling the story of an algebraic concept across cultures

• Creating algebraic expressions from words, numbers, and visuals

• Comparing expressions using concrete, numerical, graphical, and algebraic methods

• Simplifying algebraic expressions using properties of operations

• Creating and solving equations, and verifying solutions

• Using coding to demonstrate variables, parameters, equations, and inequalities

• Creating code by decomposing a situation into computational steps

• Reading code to predict its outcome and altering it for new situations

• Comparing the shapes of linear and non-linear graphs to describe rates of change

• Representing linear relations with materials, tables, graphs, and equations

• Comparing two lines y = ax + b and interpreting their point of intersection

• Comparing characteristics of graphs, tables of values, and equations

• Graphing relations of the forms x=k, y=k, x+y=k, x-y=k, ax+by=k, xy=k and their inequalities

• Translating, reflecting, and rotating lines y = ax

• Determining a line’s equation from rate of change and initial value

Unit 3: Data

The implications of collecting and using large data sets; analysing one-variable data with quartiles and box plots; scatter plots, correlation, and regression models for two-variable data; and the full mathematical modelling process from question to report.

• Describing implications of collecting, storing, and using large amounts of data

• Representing and analysing single-variable data with quartiles and box plots

• Creating a scatter plot to represent a relationship between two variables

• Determining correlation and testing regression models to make predictions

• Describing the value of mathematical modelling in real life

• Identifying a question of interest and the information needed to answer it

• Creating a plan to collect data, identifying assumptions and what varies

• Displaying and analysing data to build a mathematical model

• Reporting how a model answers the question, its limitations, and what it predicts

Unit 4: Geometry and Measurement

The development of geometric concepts and measurement systems across cultures; circle and triangle geometric designs; converting between measurement systems; how changing dimensions affects perimeter, area, and volume; the Pythagorean relationship; and the volume relationships between prisms/pyramids and cylinders/cones.

• Telling the story of a geometric concept or measurement system across cultures

• Creating and analysing designs using circle properties

• Creating and analysing designs using triangle and angle properties

• Solving problems converting units within and between measurement systems

• Showing how changing dimensions affects perimeter, area, surface area, and volume

• Solving right-triangle side-length problems in real life and composite shapes

• Applying the volume relationship between prisms and pyramids

• Applying the volume relationship between cylinders and cones

Unit 5: Financial Literacy

Using past and current financial situations to inform decisions; appreciation and depreciation graphs; how interest rate, calculation method, borrowing time, and down payments affect the cost of a purchase; and modifying a budget for changed circumstances.

• Explaining how a past or current financial situation informs decisions

• Using graphs to answer questions about appreciation and depreciation

• Comparing how interest rate and calculation method affect overall cost

• Comparing how borrowing time and down payment amount affect overall cost

• Modifying a budget to reflect changed circumstances, with a rationale