Chemistry 12

Thermochemistry vocabulary

I can define and correctly use the core thermochemistry terms.

Molar enthalpies of combustion

I can compare the molar enthalpies of combustion of organic compounds and interpret what the values mean.

Combustion equations with energy

I can write and balance combustion equations for alkanes and include the enthalpy of reaction.

Energy in changes of state

I can calculate the energy involved in a change of state and compare it with reaction energy.

Potential energy diagrams

I can draw and interpret potential energy diagrams for exothermic and endothermic reactions.

Designing a thermochemistry experiment

I can design a calorimetry experiment that identifies and controls the major variables.

Selecting instruments and processes

I can evaluate and select the right instruments and inquiry processes for a thermochemistry investigation.

Measuring reaction energy changes

I can determine a reaction's energy change experimentally using calorimetry and q = mc(delta-T).

Hess's Law and reaction energy

I can calculate a reaction's enthalpy change three ways: bond energies, heats of formation, and Hess's Law.

Applying prediction methods to data

I can compare an experimentally measured heat of reaction with a value predicted by Hess's Law or formation enthalpies.

Displaying heats of formation

I can compile heats-of-formation data and display them in the most suitable format.

Settings of scientific activity

I can analyze why some scientific and technological work is done individually and some in groups.

Risks and benefits of thermochemistry

I can analyze the risks and benefits of applying thermochemistry (fuels, energy) from societal and environmental perspectives.

Questions thermochemistry can and cannot answer

I can distinguish questions thermochemistry can answer from those it cannot, and technological problems from other kinds.

Courses of action on energy issues

I can propose evidence-based courses of action on energy-related social issues, including sustainability.

Co-operative thermochemistry experiments

I can collaborate effectively with a team to plan and run a thermochemistry experiment.

Identifying areas of further study

I can analyze what I have learned in thermochemistry to identify related areas for further study.

Alternative energy solutions

I can propose alternative solutions to an energy problem and evaluate each one's strengths and weaknesses.

Technologies from thermochemistry

I can describe technologies that depend on thermochemistry and explain the connection.

Peer review in thermochemistry

I can explain how peer review strengthens the reliability of thermochemistry findings.

Research tools for information

I can use library and electronic research tools to gather reliable thermochemistry information.

Integrating information sources

I can select credible sources and integrate their information into a coherent thermochemistry summary.

Perspectives on a science decision

I can identify the range of perspectives that influence a decision on a thermochemistry-related issue.

Organizing solubility data

I can organize solubility data into formats that make trends in solubility clear.

Molar solubility

I can determine the molar solubility of a substance in water and express it in mol/L.

Variation in solubility

I can explain why different substances have different solubilities in the same solvent.

Predicting precipitates

I can use solubility rules to predict whether a precipitate forms when two solutions are mixed.

Sources of error and uncertainty

I can identify and explain the sources of error and uncertainty in a solutions experiment.

Solutions and equilibrium careers

I can identify and describe careers connected to solutions and equilibrium chemistry.

Factors affecting reaction rate

I can identify and graph how concentration, temperature, surface area, and catalysts affect reaction rate.

Sampling procedures

I can implement appropriate sampling procedures to collect representative and reliable data.

Collision theory

I can use collision theory to explain how each rate factor changes the reaction rate.

Reaction mechanisms and catalysts

I can describe a reaction mechanism and explain how a catalyst speeds a reaction.

Organizing kinetics data

I can compile and organize kinetics data into formats that reveal the reaction's behaviour.

Equilibrium in solutions

I can define dynamic equilibrium and apply it to a saturated solution.

Factors affecting solubility via equilibrium

I can explain how temperature and common ions shift a solubility equilibrium.

Sampling for equilibrium expressions

I can develop sampling procedures that yield reliable data for determining an equilibrium expression.

Solubility and equilibrium

I can explain solubility as a dynamic equilibrium between dissolved and undissolved solute.

Technology revising understanding

I can describe how a new technology revised or enhanced scientific understanding of solutions and equilibrium.

Technologies from scientific understanding

I can describe technologies built on the scientific understanding of solutions and equilibrium.

Acid-base classification and nomenclature

I can name acids and bases correctly and classify them by type.

Acid-base definitions

I can describe the Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry definitions of acids and bases.

How acid-base theory evolves

I can explain how acid-base theory was revised and broadened as evidence accumulated.

Evidence, theories, and paradigms

I can explain how evidence, theories, and paradigms interacted in the development of acid-base theories.

Predicting acid-base products

I can predict the products of an acid-base neutralization reaction.

New questions from learning

I can identify new investigable questions that arise from studying acids and bases.

Strong vs weak acids and bases

I can compare strong and weak acids and bases using ionization equilibrium.

Calculating pH

I can calculate pH from concentration and concentration from pH for strong acids and bases.

How indicators work

I can explain how an acid-base indicator changes colour over its pH range.

Understanding from titration curves

I can interpret a titration curve and explain how it deepens understanding of acid-base behaviour.

H+ and OH- via Le Chatelier

I can use Le Chatelier's principle to describe how the water equilibrium responds to added H+ or OH-.

Prediction and hypothesis (acid-base)

I can state a testable hypothesis and a matching prediction for an acid-base investigation.

Concentration by stoichiometry

I can determine an unknown acid or base concentration from titration data using stoichiometry.

Collecting titration data

I can use a burette and other instruments accurately to collect reliable titration data.

Interpreting titration data

I can interpret patterns in titration data and calculate relationships between variables.

Co-operative titration experiment

I can collaborate with a team to plan and run a titration and troubleshoot problems as they arise.

Selecting titration instruments

I can evaluate and select the right instruments and process for a titration.

Modes of representation

I can choose and use the right representation — numeric, symbolic, graphical, or verbal — to communicate titration results.

Line of best fit

I can draw a line of best fit on a scatter plot and interpolate or extrapolate from it.

Apparatus and materials safety

I can select and use apparatus and materials safely in acid-base experiments.

WHMIS handling and disposal

I can apply WHMIS standards to handle and dispose of acid-base materials correctly.

Communicating acid-base results

I can communicate acid-base results using correct chemical language and conventions.

Society's influence on acid-base science

I can analyze how society's needs and values direct acid-base science and technology.

Constructing acid-base arguments

I can construct an evidence-based argument for an acid-base-related decision, recognizing multiple perspectives.

Acid-base careers

I can identify and describe careers that apply acid-base chemistry.

Questions about redox

I can identify investigable questions arising from practical redox problems such as corrosion and batteries.

Scientific vs technological (redox)

I can distinguish a scientific question from a technological problem in an electrochemistry context.

Defining oxidation and reduction

I can define oxidation and reduction both by electron transfer and by observable evidence.

Comparing redox to other reactions

I can distinguish redox reactions from other reaction types by tracking oxidation-number changes.

Balancing half-reactions

I can write and balance oxidation and reduction half-reactions and combine them into a net redox equation.

Designing chemical cells

I can describe how a chemical (galvanic) cell is designed and evaluate how well it functions.

Defining cell design problems

I can define the design problems in building electrochemical cells and evaluate the process used to solve them.

Parts of cells

I can illustrate, label, and explain the working of both electrochemical and electrolytic cells.

Electrochemistry safety

I can select and use apparatus and materials safely in electrochemistry experiments.

Evaluating a self-designed cell

I can evaluate a cell I designed and built against criteria I developed myself.

Designing a redox experiment

I can design a controlled electrochemistry experiment, identifying and controlling the major variables.

Operational definitions

I can formulate operational definitions that specify exactly how each variable is measured.

Predicting spontaneity

I can predict whether a redox reaction is spontaneous using standard reduction potentials.

Predicting cell voltage

I can predict the standard voltage of an electrochemical cell from reduction potentials.

Theoretical vs experimental potentials

I can compare theoretical and measured reduction potentials and explain any discrepancy.

Reliability of redox data

I can evaluate the reliability of reduction-potential data and the methods used to collect them.

Electrochemical vs electrolytic cells

I can compare electrochemical and electrolytic cells in energy conversion, electron flow, and chemical change.

Electrolysis and electroplating

I can explain how electrolysis decomposes compounds and how electroplating deposits a metal coating.

Hydrogen fuel cells

I can explain how a hydrogen fuel cell produces electrical energy and why it is efficient and clean.

Evaluating a technology design

I can define criteria and evaluate the design and function of an electrochemical technology such as a battery.

Analyzing natural and technological systems

I can analyze a redox-based natural or technological system to explain its structure and dynamics.

Applications of findings

I can identify and evaluate real-world applications of electrochemistry findings.