Newfoundland & Labrador · Grade 9
Mathematics, Grade 9
Newfoundland & Labrador’s Grade 9 math course, from Rational Numbers and Powers to Probability in Society.
- Units
- 8
- Lessons
- 18
- Skills
- 34
- Provincial exam
- Yes
- Official curriculum
- Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Education
Unit by unit
Every skill in the course, numbered by unit.
Unit 1 · 4 skills
Rational Numbers and Powers
Rational Numbers
Ordering rational numbers
I can order rational numbers on a number line.
Skill 1.1
Powers and Exponent Laws
The meaning of a power
I can explain what a power means.
Skill 1.2
Exponent laws
I can apply the exponent laws.
Skill 1.3
Sums and differences of powers
I can add and subtract powers.
Skill 1.4
The official wording · 4 outcomes
- 1.1
- Order a given set of rational numbers, in fraction and decimal form, by placing them on a number line
- 1.2
- Express a given power as a repeated multiplication
- 1.3
- Explain, using examples, the exponent laws of powers with integral bases
- 1.4
- Determine the sum of two given powers
Key ideas
Rational numbers include negatives, fractions, and decimals.
A power is repeated multiplication of the base.
Converting to a common form helps compare them.
The exponent tells how many times the base is used.
Multiplying powers with the same base adds the exponents.
Watch out for
- Ordering negatives as if they were positive.
- Multiplying the base by the exponent.
- Comparing a fraction and a decimal without converting.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 2 · 3 skills
Operations with Rational Numbers and Square Roots
Operations with Rational Numbers
Order of operations with rational numbers
I can compute with rational numbers using the order of operations.
Skill 2.1
Square Roots of Rational Numbers
Square roots of perfect-square rationals
I can find the square root of a perfect-square rational number.
Skill 2.2
Estimating square roots of rationals
I can estimate the square root of a rational number.
Skill 2.3
The official wording · 3 outcomes
- 2.1
- Solve a given problem involving operations on rational numbers in fraction form and decimal form
- 2.2
- Determine the square root of a given positive rational number that is a perfect square
- 2.3
- Estimate the square root of a given rational number that is not a perfect square using the roots of perfect squares as benchmarks
Key ideas
Rational numbers include fractions, decimals, and negatives.
A perfect-square rational has an exact square root.
The order of operations governs multi-step calculations.
Squaring the root returns the original number.
A non-perfect-square's root lies between two known roots.
Watch out for
- Ignoring the order of operations.
- Halving instead of taking the square root.
- Losing a negative sign.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 3 · 3 skills
Linear Relations
Writing Linear Equations
Writing linear equations from patterns and contexts
I can write a linear equation from a pattern or context.
Skill 3.1
Graphing Linear Relations
Graphing linear relations
I can graph a linear relation.
Skill 3.2
Interpolating and extrapolating from a graph
I can read values from a linear graph and solve problems.
Skill 3.3
The official wording · 3 outcomes
- 3.1
- Write a linear equation to represent a given context
- 3.2
- Graph a given linear relation, including horizontal and vertical lines
- 3.3
- Interpolate the approximate value of one variable on a given graph given the value of the other variable
Key ideas
A linear equation grows by the same amount each step.
A linear relation graphs as a straight line.
A table's constant change gives the equation.
Horizontal and vertical lines are special cases.
Interpolating reads a value between plotted points.
Watch out for
- Mixing up the rate and the starting value.
- Reversing the axes.
- Writing an equation that fits only one row.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 4 · 10 skills
Algebra
Introducing Inequalities
Writing and testing inequalities
I can write and test a linear inequality.
Skill 4.1
Polynomials
Identifying the parts of a polynomial
I can name the parts of a polynomial and model it.
Skill 4.2
Equivalent polynomial expressions
I can recognize equivalent polynomial expressions.
Skill 4.3
Adding and subtracting polynomials
I can add and subtract polynomials.
Skill 4.4
Multiplying and dividing polynomials by a monomial
I can multiply and divide a polynomial by a monomial.
Skill 4.5
Solving Linear Equations
Modelling linear equations
I can model a linear equation and test a solution.
Skill 4.6
Solving linear equations symbolically
I can solve linear equations symbolically.
Skill 4.7
Solving problems with linear equations
I can solve real problems with a linear equation.
Skill 4.8
Solving Inequalities
Solving and graphing inequalities
I can solve and graph a linear inequality.
Skill 4.9
Comparing equations and inequalities
I can compare solving an equation with solving an inequality.
Skill 4.10
The official wording · 10 outcomes
- 4.1
- Translate a given problem into a single variable linear inequality using the symbols
- 4.2
- Identify the variables, degree, number of terms and coefficients, including the constant term, of a given simplified polynomial expression
- 4.3
- Match equivalent polynomial expressions given in simplified form
- 4.4
- Model addition of two given polynomial expressions concretely or pictorially and record the process symbolically
- 4.5
- Model multiplication of a given polynomial expression by a given monomial concretely or pictorially and record the process symbolically
- 4.6
- Model the solution of a given linear equation using concrete or pictorial representations, and record the process
- 4.7
- Solve a given linear equation symbolically
- 4.8
- Solve a given problem using a linear equation and record the process
- 4.9
- Solve a given linear inequality algebraically and explain the process orally or in written form
- 4.10
- Compare and explain the process for solving a given linear equation to the process for solving a given linear inequality
Key ideas
An inequality shows a range of possible values.
A polynomial has terms with variables and coefficients.
Tiles model an equation with variables on both sides.
Adding or subtracting keeps the inequality direction.
A solution makes the inequality true when substituted.
Watch out for
- Mixing up the direction of the inequality symbol.
- Confusing the coefficient with the exponent.
- Modelling only one side.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 5 · 3 skills
Composite Objects and Circle Properties
Surface Area of Composite Objects
Surface area of composite objects
I can find the surface area of a composite object.
Skill 5.1
Circle Properties
Tangents and chords
I can explain the tangent and chord properties of a circle.
Skill 5.2
Central and inscribed angles
I can use central and inscribed angle properties.
Skill 5.3
The official wording · 3 outcomes
- 5.1
- Determine the surface area of a given concrete composite 3-D object
- 5.2
- Explain the relationship between the tangent of a circle and the radius at the point of tangency
- 5.3
- Explain the relationship between the measure of the central angle and the inscribed angle subtended by the same arc
Key ideas
A composite object is made of joined solids.
A tangent meets the radius at a right angle.
The overlapping faces are not part of the surface.
A perpendicular from the centre bisects a chord.
A central angle is twice the inscribed angle on the same arc.
Watch out for
- Counting the hidden overlapping faces.
- Thinking a tangent crosses the circle.
- Adding the full surface areas without subtracting the overlap.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 6 · 7 skills
Symmetry and Similarity
Symmetry
Line symmetry
I can identify line symmetry.
Skill 6.1
Rotation symmetry
I can identify rotation symmetry.
Skill 6.2
Creating and completing symmetric designs
I can create and complete symmetric designs.
Skill 6.3
Symmetry on the Coordinate Plane
Symmetry on the coordinate plane
I can find symmetry created by transformations on the plane.
Skill 6.4
Similar Polygons and Scale
Similar polygons
I can identify and use similar polygons.
Skill 6.5
Scale diagrams and scale factor
I can work with scale diagrams and scale factors.
Skill 6.6
Scale problems with similar triangles
I can solve scale problems using similar triangles.
Skill 6.7
The official wording · 7 outcomes
- 6.1
- Classify a given set of 2-D shapes or designs according to the number of lines of symmetry
- 6.2
- Determine if a given 2-D shape or design has rotation symmetry about the point at the centre of the shape or design and, if it does, state the order and angle of rotation
- 6.3
- Complete a 2-D shape or design given one half of the shape or design and a line of symmetry
- 6.4
- Determine whether two given 2-D shapes on the Cartesian plane are related by either rotation or line symmetry
- 6.5
- Determine if the polygons in a given set are similar and explain the reasoning
- 6.6
- Determine the scale factor for a given diagram drawn to scale
- 6.7
- Solve a given problem that involves a scale diagram by applying the properties of similar triangles
Key ideas
A line of symmetry folds a shape onto itself.
A reflection can create line symmetry.
Similar polygons have equal angles and proportional sides.
A shape can have several lines of symmetry.
A rotation can create rotation symmetry.
Watch out for
- Missing a line of symmetry.
- Confusing a reflection with a rotation.
- Thinking same shape means same size.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 7 · 3 skills
Data Collection and Analysis
Bias, Samples, and Populations
Bias in data collection
I can identify bias in data collection.
Skill 7.1
Samples and populations
I can tell a sample from a population and judge a generalization.
Skill 7.2
A Data Project
Planning and completing a data project
I can plan, complete, and assess a data project.
Skill 7.3
The official wording · 3 outcomes
- 7.1
- Analyze a given case study of data collection, and identify potential problems related to bias, use of language, ethics, cost, time and timing, privacy or cultural sensitivity
- 7.2
- Identify whether a given situation represents the use of a sample or a population
- 7.3
- Develop a project plan that describes: a question for investigation the method of data collection that includes social considerations
Key ideas
Bias can enter through wording, timing, or who is asked.
A project plan covers the question, method, sampling, display, and conclusions.
Ethics and privacy also affect data collection.
A rubric guides and assesses the work.
A population is every member; a sample is a part.
Watch out for
- Thinking any large sample is unbiased.
- Starting without a clear question.
- Missing bias in the question wording.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 8 · 1 skill
Probability in Society
Probability in Society
Interpreting probability in society
I can interpret how probability is used in society.
Skill 8.1
The official wording · 1 outcomes
- 8.1
- Identify the assumptions associated with a given probability and explain the limitations of each assumption
Key ideas
Every probability rests on assumptions.
The same probability can be used to argue different sides.
Watch out for
- Accepting a probability without questioning its assumptions.
- Thinking probability gives certainty.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Plan the term
Pick your term and the days you study. Each unit gets its share of the weeks and comes back a week later for a review. The last two weeks go over the whole course.
The official curriculum
This page follows Newfoundland & Labrador’s own curriculum for Mathematics, Grade 9.
Study it in MapleMind
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Course Companion
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Questions about Mathematics, Grade 9
What is Mathematics, Grade 9?
Newfoundland & Labrador’s Grade 9 math course: 8 units and 34 skills, from Rational Numbers and Powers to Probability in Society.
What units are in Mathematics, Grade 9?
1. Rational Numbers and Powers, 2. Operations with Rational Numbers and Square Roots, 3. Linear Relations, 4. Algebra, 5. Composite Objects and Circle Properties, 6. Symmetry and Similarity, 7. Data Collection and Analysis and 8. Probability in Society.
Is there a provincial exam for Mathematics, Grade 9?
Yes. The Provincial Literacy and Numeracy Assessment is written in Newfoundland & Labrador. Next sitting: May 17, 2027.
What comes after Mathematics, Grade 9?
Mathematics 1201 (Academic) and Mathematics 1202.
Can MapleMind help with Mathematics, Grade 9?
Yes. MapleMind teaches every skill of Mathematics, Grade 9, step by step, with practice and checks, and its tutor answers questions about any of them. It’s free with daily limits, on iPhone, Android and the web.
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