Courses

Newfoundland & Labrador · Grade 12

Mathematics 3201 (Academic)

Newfoundland & Labrador’s Grade 12 math course, from Logarithms and Financial Mathematics to Probability, Permutations and Combinations.

Learn thisPractice exam
Units
6
Lessons
12
Skills
32
Provincial exam
15% of the final mark
Official curriculum
gov.nl.ca

Unit by unit

Every skill in the course, numbered by unit.

Unit 1 · 7 skills

Logarithms and Financial Mathematics

Logarithms

Compound Interest and Loans

The official wording · 7 outcomes
1.1
Express a logarithmic equation as an exponential equation and vice versa
1.2
Develop the laws of logarithms, using numeric examples and the exponent laws
1.3
Determine the approximate value of a logarithmic expression, such as log 2 9 , with technology
1.4
Solve a contextual problem that involves compound interest
1.5
Explain the advantages and disadvantages of compound interest and simple interest
1.6
Determine, using technology, the total cost of a loan under a variety of conditions; e.g., different amortization periods, interest rates, compounding periods and terms
1.7
Justify, for a specific set of circumstances, if renting, buying or leasing would be advantageous

Key ideas

  1. A logarithm is the inverse of a power: log base b of x is the exponent that turns b into x.

  2. Compound interest earns interest on both the principal and prior interest.

  3. Rewriting a log as a power (or a power as a log) makes many problems easy.

  4. More frequent compounding produces more total interest over the same term.

  5. The product, quotient, and power laws of logarithms mirror the exponent laws.

Watch out for

  • Confusing the base and the argument of a log.
  • Applying simple-interest reasoning to compounding.
  • Treating a log as a plain division.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 2 · 3 skills

Set Theory

Sets and Venn Diagrams

The official wording · 3 outcomes
2.1
Explain what a specified region in a Venn diagram represents, using connecting words (and, or, not) or set notation
2.2
Determine the elements in the complement, the intersection and the union of two sets
2.3
Explain how set theory is used in applications such as Internet searches, database queries, data analysis, games and puzzles

Key ideas

  1. Sets can be empty, disjoint, subsets of one another, or part of a universal set.

  2. A Venn-diagram region matches a phrase built from 'and', 'or', and 'not', or from set notation.

  3. The union combines all elements; the intersection keeps shared elements; the complement is everything outside a set.

  4. Set theory applies to searches, database queries, and data analysis.

  5. Search engines and databases combine sets with 'and', 'or', and 'not'.

Watch out for

  • Confusing intersection ('and') with union ('or').
  • Mixing up subset and element notation.
  • Double-counting shared elements in a union.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 3 · 6 skills

Rational Expressions and Polynomial Functions

Rational Expressions

Polynomial Functions

The official wording · 6 outcomes
3.1
Determine the non-permissible values for a rational expression
3.2
Determine, in simplified form, the sum or difference of two rational expressions that have different denominators
3.3
Determine, in simplified form, the product or quotient of rational expressions
3.4
Determine the solution to a rational equation algebraically, and explain the strategy used to solve the equation
3.5
Describe, orally and in written form, the characteristics of a polynomial function by analyzing its graph
3.6
Graph data, and determine the polynomial function that best approximates the data

Key ideas

  1. A value is non-permissible when it makes a denominator zero.

  2. A polynomial's degree controls its end behaviour and the number of turns.

  3. Simplifying cancels common factors but the original non-permissible values still apply.

  4. The equation and the graph carry the same information in different forms.

  5. Adding or subtracting requires a common denominator, then combining numerators.

Watch out for

  • Cancelling terms instead of factors.
  • Confusing degree with the number of x-intercepts.
  • Dropping a non-permissible value after simplifying.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 4 · 3 skills

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

Exponential and Logarithmic Models

Characteristics of Exponential and Logarithmic Functions

The official wording · 3 outcomes
4.1
Graph data, and determine the exponential function that best approximates the data
4.2
Determine the solution of an exponential equation in which the bases are powers of one another
4.3
Describe, orally and in written form, the characteristics of an exponential function by analyzing its graph

Key ideas

  1. Exponential data grows or decays by a constant factor; logarithmic data rises quickly then levels off.

  2. Exponential functions have a horizontal asymptote; logarithmic functions have a vertical one.

  3. A best-fit function turns data into a usable model.

  4. The equation's base and transformations shape the graph.

  5. If the bases match (or can be made to match), equate the exponents; otherwise take logarithms.

Watch out for

  • Fitting a linear model to exponential data.
  • Swapping the asymptote type between the two functions.
  • Confusing exponential growth with a steep line.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 5 · 2 skills

Sinusoidal Functions

Sinusoidal Functions

The official wording · 2 outcomes
5.1
Describe, orally and in written form, the characteristics of a sinusoidal function by analyzing its graph
5.2
Describe, orally and in written form, the characteristics of a sinusoidal function by analyzing its equation

Key ideas

  1. A radian measures an angle by arc length; a full circle is 2 pi radians or 360 degrees.

  2. A sinusoidal graph has an amplitude, a period, a midline, and a phase shift.

  3. Each parameter in a sinusoidal equation controls amplitude, period, midline, or shift.

  4. A best-fit sinusoidal function models periodic data.

Watch out for

  • Mixing up degree and radian measures.
  • Confusing amplitude with period.
  • Reading the period directly as the coefficient of x.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 6 · 11 skills

Probability, Permutations and Combinations

Odds and Probability

Combined and Dependent Events

The Fundamental Counting Principle

Permutations and Combinations

The official wording · 11 outcomes
6.1
Explain, using examples, the relationship between odds (part-part) and probability (part-whole)
6.2
Solve a contextual problem that involves odds or probability
6.3
Classify events as mutually exclusive or non–mutually exclusive, and explain the reasoning
6.4
Determine the probability of two independent events
6.5
Solve a contextual counting problem, using the Fundamental Counting Principle, and explain the reasoning
6.6
Determine, with or without technology, the value of a factorial
6.7
Solve an equation that involves factorials
6.8
Determine the number of permutations of n elements taken r at a time
6.9
Determine the number of permutations of n elements taken n at a time where some elements are not distinct
6.10
Determine the number of combinations of n elements, taken r at a time
6.11
Solve a contextual problem that involves probability and combinations

Key ideas

  1. Probability compares favourable outcomes to all outcomes; odds compare favourable to unfavourable.

  2. Mutually-exclusive events cannot both happen; their 'or' probability adds directly.

  3. If one choice has m options and the next has n, together they have m times n outcomes.

  4. A permutation is an ordered arrangement; order matters.

  5. Each can be written as the other with a simple relationship.

Watch out for

  • Treating odds and probability as the same ratio.
  • Adding overlapping probabilities without subtracting the overlap.
  • Adding choices instead of multiplying.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

The exam

The mark you need

Your class mark counts for 85% of the final mark, the exam for 15%.

You need

42% on the exam

With 75% in class, your final mark lands between 63.8% (0 on the exam) and 78.8% (100% on it).

Which course?

Newfoundland & Labrador has 4 math courses for Grade 12. Here they are side by side.

What a university, college or program asks for is theirs to say: check its admission page, and your school’s course guide.

The official curriculum

This page follows Newfoundland & Labrador’s own curriculum for Mathematics 3201 (Academic).

Government of Newfoundland and Labrador, Department of Education - Mathematics 3201gov.nl.ca · Read August 7, 2026

Study it in MapleMind

MapleMind teaches Mathematics 3201 (Academic) one skill at a time. Each skill gets a short lesson, practice as you go and a check worth up to three stars. It remembers where you stopped.

Mathematics 2201 (Academic) in the MapleMind app on a tablet: its units, Unit 1 open, and the skills done so far with their starsMathematics 2201 (Academic) in the MapleMind app on a phone: its units, Unit 1 open, and the skills done so far with their stars
Pictured: Mathematics 2201 (Academic), another Newfoundland & Labrador course, partway through Unit 1.

Practise it

Course Companion

Your year in one workbook

A fun way to keep Mathematics 3201 (Academic) organized, get to know your child better and see early when they need a hand. Fill it in on a screen, or print it.

Pages
36
Fillable fields
1,541
Price
$4.99
See the Course Companion

Questions about Mathematics 3201 (Academic)

What is Mathematics 3201 (Academic)?

Newfoundland & Labrador’s Grade 12 math course: 6 units and 32 skills, from Logarithms and Financial Mathematics to Probability, Permutations and Combinations.

What units are in Mathematics 3201 (Academic)?

1. Logarithms and Financial Mathematics, 2. Set Theory, 3. Rational Expressions and Polynomial Functions, 4. Exponential and Logarithmic Functions, 5. Sinusoidal Functions and 6. Probability, Permutations and Combinations.

Is there a provincial exam for Mathematics 3201 (Academic)?

Yes. The Mathematics 3201 Public Exam counts for 15% of the final mark. Next sitting: January 25, 2027.

Can MapleMind help with Mathematics 3201 (Academic)?

Yes. MapleMind teaches every skill of Mathematics 3201 (Academic), step by step, with practice and checks, and its tutor answers questions about any of them. It’s free with daily limits, on iPhone, Android and the web.

Before this course

Get ready for Mathematics 3201 (Academic)

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