Science, Grade 10

Unit 1: Power, Work & Energy

The physics of energy: the concepts of power, work, and energy; how energy is stored and transferred along pathways; the types of energy (electrical, nuclear, chemical); and the 1st law of thermodynamics (energy conservation).

• Power, work, and energy
• Energy stores and pathways
• Types of energy and conservation

Unit 2: Electricity and Electrification

Electricity from charge to grid: static electricity and electric charge, Ohm's law relating current, voltage, and resistance, series and parallel circuits, and electrification - power generation and NB Power's energy grid.

• Static electricity and charge
• Ohm's law
• Series and parallel circuits
• Electrification and power generation

Unit 3: Nuclear Technology

Inside the atom: physical, chemical, and nuclear changes; atomic theory and models of the atom; the periodic table, trends, and isotopes; and radiation - radioactivity, half-life, and alpha, beta, and gamma emissions.

• Physical, chemical, and nuclear changes
• Atomic theory and models of the atom
• The periodic table and isotopes
• Radiation and radioactivity

Unit 4: Chemistry Foundations

The foundations of chemistry: classifying matter into pure substances and mixtures; chemical bonding (covalent, ionic, metallic); chemical changes, their signs, and types of reactions; and quantitative chemistry - the mole, chemical formulae, and balancing equations with conservation of mass.

• Classifying matter
• Chemical bonding
• Chemical changes and reactions
• Balancing equations and the mole
• Representing molecules and chemical changes with models

Unit 5: Sustainable Development Design Challenge

A community-based design challenge: identify a local challenge connected to at least two UN Sustainable Development Goals (Grade 10: SDGs 7, 9, 12, and 13), then apply an iterative design process to develop a solution.

• A community SDG design challenge

Unit 6: Learning and Living Sustainably

Chemistry, energy, and Earth systems in the real world: the causes and consequences of chemical use; comparing ways we generate power and the trade-offs of electrification; Earth's energy budget and climate; and contemporary chemistry in nature - the hydrosphere (pH, electrolytes, dissolution), ionic phenomena like acid rain and eutrophication, and the biosphere's carbon and combustion chemistry.

• Use of chemicals: causes, consequences, solutions
• Power generation and electrification
• Earth's energy budget and global warming

• Chemistry of the hydrosphere: pH and electrolytes
• Ionic phenomena: acid rain and eutrophication
• Biosphere chemistry: combustion and the carbon cycle