Ontario · Grade 4

Language, Grade 4

Ontario’s Grade 4 English course, from Literacy Connections and Applications to Composition: Expressing Ideas and Creating Texts.

Units
4
Lessons
13
Skills
62
Provincial exam
None

Unit by unit

Every skill in the course, with its official code.

Unit 1 · 9 skills

Literacy Connections and Applications

Being Safe, Private, and Responsible Online

  • My rights and responsibilities online

    I can explain one right and one responsibility I have when I go online.

  • Managing my privacy and looking out for my well-being

    I can protect my privacy and think about how being online affects how I feel.

  • Checking if information is trustworthy

    I can check whether a piece of information seems credible before I use it.

  • How media is built to affect its audience

    I can explain how a technique in a video or ad is meant to affect the people watching it.

  • Form, message, audience, and purpose all connect

    I can explain how a text's form, message, audience, and purpose all fit together.

  • Using digital tools to solve real problems

    I can choose a digital tool that fits a real problem I'm trying to solve.

  • Collaborating online with respect and cultural awareness

    I can collaborate respectfully online with people from different backgrounds.

Stories, Histories, and Voices From Many Communities

  • Identity, belonging, and history in diverse stories

    I can explain how a story's historical context shapes a character's identity and sense of belonging.

  • Themes and ways of knowing in First Nations, Métis, and Inuit cultures

    I can explain a theme from a First Nations, Métis, or Inuit story and what it teaches about ways of knowing.

The official wording · 9 outcomes
A2.1
explain their rights and responsibilities when interacting online with appropriate permission, and make decisions that contribute positively to the development of their digital identity and those of their communities
A2.2
demonstrate an understanding of how to navigate online environments safely, manage their privacy and personal data, and interact in a way that supports their well-being and that of others, including seeking appropriate permission
A2.3
gather, evaluate, and use information, considering validity, credibility, accuracy, and perspectives, to construct knowledge, create texts, and demonstrate learning
A2.4
demonstrate an understanding of the forms, conventions, and techniques of digital and media texts, consider the impact on the audience, and apply this understanding when analyzing and creating texts
A2.5
demonstrate an understanding of the interrelationships between the form, message, and context of texts, the intended audience, and the purpose for production
A2.6
select and use appropriate digital and media tools to support the design process and address authentic, relevant, real-world problems by developing innovative solutions
A2.7
communicate and collaborate with various communities in a safe, respectful, responsible, and inclusive manner when using online platforms and environments, including digital and media tools, and demonstrate cultural awareness with members of the community
A3.2
demonstrate an understanding of the historical contexts, contributions, lived experiences, and perspectives of a diversity of individuals and communities, including those in Canada, by exploring the concepts of identity, self, and sense of belonging in a variety of culturally responsive and relevant texts
A3.3
explain themes explored in First Nations, Métis, and Inuit cultures to demonstrate an understanding of the varied identities, perspectives, relationships, legacies, truths, and ways of knowing, being, and doing

Key ideas

  1. Going online with permission comes with rights, like being treated respectfully, and responsibilities, like treating others respectfully back.

  2. A historical context is the time and place a story happens in, which shapes what a character's life was like.

  3. A digital identity is how someone appears based on the choices they make online, and every choice adds to it, for better or worse.

  4. Understanding that context helps explain why a character's identity or search for belonging looks the way it does.

  5. Personal data, like your address, school, or passwords, needs to stay private and protected, not just your name.

Watch out for

  • Thinking rights online mean doing whatever you want without responsibilities attached.
  • Reading a story's historical setting as just background detail rather than something that shapes the character's experience.
  • Believing a digital identity only matters if you're famous or have many followers.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 2 · 17 skills

Foundations of Language

Listening and Speaking With Purpose

  • Asking questions that help a speaker say more

    I can ask a question that helps a speaker share more, and respond to what others say.

  • Using listening strategies and seeking clarification

    I can choose a listening strategy and ask for clarification when something isn't clear.

  • Speaking clearly by paraphrasing and restating

    I can paraphrase or restate an idea to make sure my meaning is clear.

  • Explaining how gestures and expression add meaning

    I can use a gesture or expression and explain how it helps share meaning.

  • Choosing vivid words and varied sentences when speaking

    I can use vivid describing words and a mix of sentence types when I speak.

Word Parts, Vocabulary, and Fluent Reading

  • Using word parts to read and spell

    I can use a word's base, prefix, or suffix to help read, spell, and understand it.

  • Figuring out new words using context and word parts

    I can figure out an unfamiliar word by combining context clues and word parts.

  • Reading fluently and adjusting expression to purpose

    I can read fluently and change my expression to match why I'm reading aloud.

Clauses and Prepositional Phrases

  • Independent and dependent clauses

    I can build a sentence that joins an independent clause with a dependent clause.

  • Sentences built with prepositional phrases

    I can build a sentence using a prepositional phrase to add detail.

Relative Pronouns, Verb Forms, and Pronouns as Adjectives

Proper Adjectives, Direct Address, and Titles

  • Capital letters for proper adjectives

    I can capitalize a proper adjective, like 'Canadian' or 'French.'.

  • Commas to set off nouns of direct address

    I can use a comma to set off the name of the person I'm talking to.

  • Quotation marks for titles of short works

    I can use quotation marks around the title of a short work, like a poem or a magazine article.

The official wording · 17 outcomes
B1.1
use effective listening skills, including asking questions to encourage a speaker to elaborate, and responding to the contributions of others in group discussions, in formal and informal contexts and for various purposes
B1.2
select and use a variety of listening strategies before, during, and after listening to comprehend information and messages communicated orally and non-verbally, express interest in what is being said at appropriate times, seek clarification, and develop an appropriate response
B1.3
identify the purpose and audience for speaking in formal and informal contexts, and use appropriate speaking strategies, including paraphrasing and restating, to communicate clearly and coherently
B1.4
identify and use oral and non-verbal communication strategies, including expression, gestures, and body language, and explain how these strategies help them understand or communicate ideas and meaning
B1.5
use appropriate word choice, including new vocabulary, varied adjectives and adverbs to elaborate, a variety of sentence types, and cohesive sentences during formal and informal communication, to support audience comprehension
B2.1
use knowledge of the meanings of words and morphemes (i.e., bases, prefixes, and suffixes) to read and spell words
B2.2
demonstrate an understanding of a variety of words, acquire and use explicitly taught vocabulary in various contexts, including other subject areas, and use morphological knowledge to analyze and understand new words in context
B2.3
read a variety of texts fluently, with accuracy and appropriate pacing to support comprehension, and when reading aloud, adjust expression and intonation according to the purpose of reading
B3.1
independent and dependent clauses
B3.1
simple and compound sentences formed with prepositional phrases
B3.2
relative pronouns
B3.2
the perfect verb tense
B3.2
interrogative and imperative verbs
B3.2
the use of pronouns as adjectives
B3.3
capital letters for proper adjectives
B3.3
commas to set off nouns of direct address
B3.3
quotation marks to indicate the title of a short work

Key ideas

  1. An elaborating question, like 'Can you tell me more about that?', invites the speaker to add detail instead of just answering yes or no.

  2. A morpheme is a smallest meaningful word part — a base carries the core meaning, and prefixes and suffixes change or add to it.

  3. An independent clause is a complete thought that could stand alone as its own sentence, like 'We stayed inside.'.

  4. A relative pronoun, like 'who,' 'which,' or 'that,' introduces extra information about a noun mentioned earlier in the sentence.

  5. A proper adjective is an adjective made from a proper noun, like 'Canada' becoming 'Canadian,' and it keeps the capital letter.

Watch out for

  • Asking only yes/no questions instead of ones that invite more detail.
  • Trying to sound out a long word letter by letter instead of using its meaningful parts.
  • Treating a dependent clause as a complete sentence on its own, creating a sentence fragment.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 3 · 22 skills

Comprehension: Understanding and Responding to Texts

Reading and Understanding a Range of Texts

  • Reading and understanding a variety of texts

    I can read and understand a variety of different kinds of texts.

  • Describing text forms, genres, and cultural texts

    I can describe features of a text's form and genre, including cultural text forms.

  • Using text patterns and features to find meaning

    I can use a text pattern or feature, like spatial order or a hyperlink, to understand a text better.

  • How images, graphics, and design create meaning

    I can explain how an image, graphic, or design choice creates meaning in a text.

  • Analyzing style choices and why they fit a text

    I can analyze a text's style and explain why it fits its form and genre.

  • Comparing first-, second-, and third-person narration

    I can name a story's point of view and explain one advantage and one disadvantage of it.

  • Making meaning from First Nations, Métis, and Inuit texts

    I can explain what a First Nations, Métis, or Inuit text taught me about relationships and community.

Strategies for Understanding What We Read

  • Using and explaining prior knowledge

    I can identify my prior knowledge and explain how it helps me understand a new text.

  • Choosing texts by diverse creators for a purpose

    I can choose a text by a diverse creator that fits my purpose for reading.

  • Predicting and checking with a question

    I can make a prediction and pose a question to check if it was right.

  • Adjusting reading rate and consulting other sources

    I can slow down, read ahead, or check another source when a text gets confusing.

  • Connecting ideas to my life, other texts, and the world

    I can describe how an idea in a text connects to my life, another text, or the wider world.

  • Summarizing and drawing a conclusion

    I can summarize a text's main idea and details, and draw a simple conclusion from them.

  • Explaining which strategies helped me understand

    I can explain how a specific reading strategy helped me understand a text.

Thinking Critically About Texts

  • Personification and anthropomorphism

    I can identify personification or anthropomorphism and explain why it fits the text's purpose.

  • Making local and global inferences

    I can make a small, local inference and a big, whole-story inference using text evidence.

  • Analyzing main ideas, multiple plots, and cause and effect

    I can sequence a story with more than one plot and explain what caused what.

  • Investigating cultural elements and their meaning

    I can investigate a cultural element in a text and connect it to my own or another culture.

  • Noticing perspective, evidence, and bias

    I can identify a perspective and any bias in a text, with evidence, and explain the effect on an audience.

  • Diversity, inclusion, and accessibility in texts

    I can explain how a text addresses diversity, inclusion, or accessibility and what message it sends.

  • Connecting First Nations, Métis, and Inuit texts to today

    I can explain how a historical period shaped a First Nations, Métis, or Inuit text and connect it to life today.

  • Naming the critical thinking skills that helped me

    I can name a critical thinking skill I used and explain how it helped me evaluate a text.

The official wording · 22 outcomes
C1.1
read and comprehend various texts, using knowledge of words, grammar, cohesive ties, sentence structures, and background knowledge
C1.2
describe some characteristics of various text forms and genres, including cultural text forms, and explain how they help communicate meaning
C1.3
identify text patterns, such as spatial order in a graphic text, and text features, such as type styles and hyperlinks, associated with various text forms, including cultural texts, and explain how they help readers, listeners, and viewers understand the meaning
C1.4
explain how images, graphics, and visual design create, communicate, and contribute to meaning in a variety of texts
C1.5
identify various elements of style in texts, including voice, word choice, word patterns, and sentence structure, and analyze how each element helps create meaning and is appropriate for the text form and genre
C1.6
identify the narrator’s point of view, including first, second, or third person, in a variety of texts, and describe the advantages and disadvantages of the approach used in each story
C1.7
read, listen to, and view various forms of texts by diverse First Nations, Métis, and Inuit creators to make meaning through Indigenous Storywork about First Nations, Métis, and Inuit histories, cultures, relationships, communities, groups, nations, and lived experiences
C2.1
identify and explain prior knowledge from various sources, including personal experiences, that they can use to make connections and understand new texts
C2.2
identify a variety of purposes for engaging with texts, and select texts from diverse creators that are suitable for the purposes
C2.3
make predictions using background knowledge, text features, and evidence from the text, and pose questions to check whether their predictions were correct
C2.4
use strategies such as adjusting reading rate, visualizing, reading ahead, asking questions, and consulting references and other texts or sources of information, to monitor and confirm their understanding of various texts
C2.5
describe how the ideas expressed in texts connect to their knowledges and lived experiences, the ideas in other texts, and the world around them
C2.6
summarize the main idea of a text and the supporting details in sequence, and draw a simple conclusion
C2.7
explain how strategies, such as visualizing, making predictions, summarizing, and connecting to their experiences, have helped them comprehend various texts
C3.1
describe literary devices, including personification and anthropomorphism, in a variety of texts, and explain how they help create meaning and are appropriate for the intended purpose and audience
C3.2
make local and global inferences, using explicit and implicit evidence, to extend their understanding of various texts
C3.3
analyze various texts, including literary and informational texts, by identifying main and supporting ideas, sequencing the events of multiple plots, and explaining cause and effect
C3.4
identify cultural elements that are represented in various texts, including norms, values, artifacts, sports, and music, investigate the meanings of these elements, and make connections to their lived experience and culture
C3.5
identify explicit and implicit perspectives communicated in various texts, explain how these perspectives are conveyed, give some evidence of any biases the texts may contain, and suggest how such biases could influence an audience
C3.6
explain how various topics, such as diversity, inclusion, and accessibility, are addressed in texts, and describe what insights or messages are conveyed
C3.7
explain how texts created by First Nations, Métis, and Inuit individuals, communities, groups, or nations are influenced by historical periods, cultural experiences, and events, and how they relate to current lived experiences
C3.8
identify the critical thinking skills they used to analyze and evaluate various texts, and explain how these skills have helped them better understand the texts

Key ideas

  1. Cohesive ties are words, like 'however' or 'therefore,' that connect ideas across sentences and help a text make sense as a whole.

  2. Prior knowledge can come from personal experiences, other texts, or things learned in other subjects.

  3. Personification gives human qualities to a non-living thing, like 'the wind howled angrily.'.

  4. Understanding a text combines knowledge of words and grammar with background knowledge about the topic.

  5. Explaining HOW prior knowledge helps, not just naming it, shows a reader is actively using it to build understanding.

Watch out for

  • Reading each sentence in isolation without noticing how connecting words link ideas together.
  • Naming prior knowledge without explaining how it actually connects to or helps understand the new text.
  • Confusing personification (giving human qualities to a thing) with anthropomorphism (a full human-like character, usually an animal).

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

Unit 4 · 14 skills

Composition: Expressing Ideas and Creating Texts

Planning My Writing

  • Choosing a text form that suits my purpose and audience

    I can explain why the text form I chose fits my topic, purpose, and audience.

  • Generating ideas from many topics and subjects

    I can generate writing ideas about topics like fairness, inclusion, or something learned in another subject.

  • Gathering and recording information from sources

    I can gather information from a variety of sources and keep track of where it came from.

  • Selecting, classifying, and sequencing my content

    I can select the best information, classify it into groups, and sequence it to fit my text form.

  • Explaining which planning tools helped me grow as a writer

    I can describe a planning tool that helped me and explain how it made me a better writer.

Drafting, Writing in Cursive, and Finding My Voice

  • Drafting narrative, persuasive, and informational texts

    I can draft a narrative, persuasive, or informational text using a strategy that fits its form.

  • Writing in cursive and beginning touch-typing

    I can write in cursive with the right shape and slant, and start typing without looking at the keys.

  • Establishing a personal voice and tone

    I can write with a personal voice and a tone that fits my text's form and genre.

  • Noticing point of view and bias in my own writing

    I can identify the point of view in my own writing and notice any bias it might show.

  • Revising content and style using feedback

    I can revise my draft's content and style using feedback to make it clearer and more focused.

  • Editing for accuracy and style using a word processor

    I can edit my draft for spelling, punctuation, grammar, and format using a word processor.

Publishing and Presenting My Text

  • Publishing a final text using digital design tools

    I can use a digital design tool to produce a polished final version of my text.

  • Publishing, presenting, and explaining my media choices

    I can present my text using media and tools I chose, and explain why each one helped my message.

  • Describing strategies that helped me grow as a presenter

    I can describe a presenting strategy that helped me and explain how it made me a better text creator.

The official wording · 14 outcomes
D1.1
identify the topic, purpose, and audience for various texts they plan to create, and explain why the chosen text form, genre, and medium suit the purpose and audience and how they will help communicate the intended meaning
D1.2
generate and develop ideas about various topics, such as topics related to diversity, equity, and inclusion and to other subject areas, using a variety of strategies, and drawing on various resources, including their own lived experiences
D1.3
gather information and content relevant to a topic, using a variety of sources and strategies, and record the sources of information
D1.4
select and classify ideas and collected information, using appropriate strategies and tools, and sequence content, taking into account the chosen text form, genre, and medium
D1.5
describe the strategies and tools that helped them develop ideas and organize content for texts of the chosen forms, genres, and media, and explain how they helped them improve as a text creator
D2.1
draft texts of various forms and genres, including narrative, persuasive, and informational texts, using a variety of media, tools, and strategies
D2.2
write in cursive, forming letters of appropriate shape, size, proportion, and slant to improve the legibility of texts, and begin to develop fluent keyboarding skills using touch-typing techniques
D2.3
establish a personal voice in their texts, using varied language and elements of style to express their thoughts, feelings, and opinions about a topic, and using a tone appropriate to the form and genre
D2.4
identify the point of view used in their texts, and the perspectives and bias conveyed in their texts
D2.5
make revisions to the content of draft texts and to elements of style, such as word choice and adding or deleting sentences, to improve clarity, focus, and coherence, seeking feedback
D2.6
edit draft texts to improve accuracy and style, checking for errors in spelling, punctuation, grammar, and format; use a word processor to edit texts
D3.1
produce final texts using a variety of techniques and tools, including simple digital design and production tools, to achieve the intended effect
D3.2
publish and present texts they have created, using selected media and tools, and explain how each helped them communicate their intended message
D3.3
describe various strategies that helped them present and communicate their message when publishing and presenting texts, and explain how they helped them improve as a text creator

Key ideas

  1. The medium, a poster, a video, a written report, needs to be chosen deliberately based on what will best reach the intended audience.

  2. A narrative text tells a story, a persuasive text tries to convince, and an informational text explains or informs, each needs a different drafting approach.

  3. Digital design and production tools, like a page-layout app or a slideshow program, can help achieve a specific intended effect in a final text.

  4. Explaining the 'why' behind a text-form choice means connecting it directly to the purpose, like choosing a persuasive letter because the purpose is to convince someone.

  5. A draft can be created using a variety of media and tools, like handwriting, a word processor, or a digital storyboard.

Watch out for

  • Choosing a text form out of habit instead of thinking about whether it truly suits the purpose and audience.
  • Using a narrative structure, like a story arc, when the assignment calls for an informational text.
  • Adding digital design elements randomly instead of choosing ones that support the intended effect.

Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit

The official curriculum

This page follows Ontario’s own curriculum for Language, Grade 4.

The Ontario Curriculum, Grades 1–8: LanguageOntario Ministry of Education · dcp.edu.gov.on.ca · Read July 31, 2026

Textbooks

The textbooks Ontario Ministry of Education lists for Language, Grade 4:

  • Know Your Code: Spelling Patterns for Reading and Writing Grades 3-4 Complete PackScholastic Canada Ltd. · 2025

From the Trillium List, read October 27, 2026. ontario.ca

Strands

The strands of Ontario’s curriculum for Language, Grade 4, with their outcomes and the units that teach them
StrandOutcomesTaught in
ALiteracy Connections and ApplicationsOutcomes 9Taught in Unit 1
BFoundations of LanguageOutcomes 11Taught in Unit 2
CComprehension: Understanding and Responding to TextsOutcomes 22Taught in Unit 3
DComposition: Expressing Ideas and Creating TextsOutcomes 14Taught in Unit 4

Study it in MapleMind

MapleMind teaches Language, Grade 4 one skill at a time. Each skill gets a short lesson, practice as you go and a check worth up to three stars. It remembers where you stopped.

Geography of Canada, Grade 9 in the MapleMind app on a tablet: its units, Unit 2 open, and the skills done so far with their starsGeography of Canada, Grade 9 in the MapleMind app on a phone: its units, Unit 2 open, and the skills done so far with their stars
Pictured: Geography of Canada, Grade 9, another Ontario course, partway through Unit 2.

Practise it

Course Companion

Your year in one workbook

A fun way to keep Language, Grade 4 organized, get to know your child better and see early when they need a hand. Fill it in on a screen, or print it.

Pages
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Price
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See the Course Companion

Questions about Language, Grade 4

What is Language, Grade 4?

Ontario’s Grade 4 English course: 4 units and 62 skills, from Literacy Connections and Applications to Composition: Expressing Ideas and Creating Texts.

What units are in Language, Grade 4?

1. Literacy Connections and Applications, 2. Foundations of Language, 3. Comprehension: Understanding and Responding to Texts and 4. Composition: Expressing Ideas and Creating Texts.

Is there a provincial exam for Language, Grade 4?

No. Ontario gives no provincial exam for Language, Grade 4.

What textbook does Language, Grade 4 use?

The textbooks Ontario Ministry of Education lists for Language, Grade 4: Know Your Code: Spelling Patterns for Reading and Writing Grades 3-4 Complete Pack, Scholastic Canada Ltd.

What comes after Language, Grade 4?

English (Language), Grade 5.

Can MapleMind help with Language, Grade 4?

Yes. MapleMind teaches every skill of Language, Grade 4, step by step, with practice and checks, and its tutor answers questions about any of them. It’s free with daily limits, on iPhone, Android and the web.

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