Science 2

A METAMORPHIC life cycle changes body shape completely as it grows — like a caterpillar becoming a butterfly, a mealworm becoming a beetle, or a tadpole becoming a frog.

Offspring usually look similar to their parents — a kitten looks like a cat, and a puppy looks like a dog.

Local First Peoples have long observed the life cycles of local plants and animals and use that knowledge to gather, hunt, and fish sustainably, in step with the seasons and animal migration.

A NON-METAMORPHIC life cycle keeps the same body shape the whole time and just gets bigger — like a human baby growing into an adult.

Offspring are not exactly the same as their parents — they change a lot as they grow, especially young salmon, which need both fresh water and salt water at different points in their life.

Physical changes include warming, cooling, cutting, bending, stirring, and mixing — the material changes shape or state, but it is still the same material.

Chemical changes — like cooking and burning — turn a material into a completely different material that cannot be changed back.

A CONTACT force needs touching to work, like pushing a swing or a magnet stuck to a fridge; an AT-A-DISTANCE force works without touching, like static electricity making hair stand up or a magnet pulling something from across a table.

Materials can also be physically changed to be used differently — like grinding up plants and combining them with other materials to make dyes.

Batter cooking into a cake, or wood burning into ash, are both chemical changes: the new material is not the same stuff anymore.

Water comes from sources like oceans, lakes, rivers, wells, and springs.

Water conservation means using water carefully instead of wasting it — like turning off the tap while brushing teeth or fixing a dripping faucet.

The water cycle is driven by the sun and includes evaporation (water turning into vapour and rising), condensation (vapour forming clouds), precipitation (rain or snow falling), and runoff (water flowing back into rivers, lakes, and oceans).

Local First Peoples hold deep knowledge of water's cycles, passed down through generations.

A watershed is the area of land where all the water drains to the same river, lake, or ocean.