Science 1

A living thing needs food, water, and air, it grows, and it can make more of itself — like a plant, a dog, or a person.

Local plants and animals are the ones that actually live in your own schoolyard, backyard, park, or nearby forest — not ones from far away like a lion or a cactus.

A structural feature is a part of a plant or animal — like roots, leaves, fur, wings, fins, a skeleton or exoskeleton, or lots of legs versus few legs.

A behavioural adaptation is something an animal DOES, not a part it HAS — like hibernating, migrating, building a nest, or hiding food.

A non-living thing does NOT need food or water and does not grow by itself — like a rock, a toy, or a bottle of water.

Materials like wood, metal, plastic, fabric, and glass each have their own properties — hard, soft, bendy, waterproof, see-through — and that is why we pick certain materials for certain jobs.

Solids keep their shape (a wooden block stays a block); liquids and gases flow and take the shape of their container (water, air).

First Peoples chose materials for their properties too — cedar was used for canoes because it is light and water-resistant, and mountain goat horn was shaped into spoons because it is hard and can be carved.

Natural sources of light include the sun; artificial (made) sources of light include light bulbs and flashlights.

Properties of light include brightness and colour; objects are made visible either by making their own light or by reflecting light from somewhere else.

Natural sources of sound include crickets; artificial (made) sources of sound include car horns and speakers.

When light hits different objects it can bounce off (like off a mirror), get blocked (making a shadow), or pass through (like through a window) — these interactions make images and shadows.

'Natural' means it happens on its own in nature; 'artificial' means people built or made it.

Common objects in the sky include the sun, the moon, stars, and clouds.

First Peoples have their own shared knowledge of the sky, and local First Peoples have their own knowledge of the local landscape, plants, and animals — often passed down through oral history with Elders, including origin stories and local stories.

Local patterns that repeat include day turning to night and back again, the seasons changing (spring, summer, fall, winter), and the moon changing shape over about a month.

The sun rises and sets, and the moon also rises and sets — sometimes the moon can even be seen during the day, not just at night.

'Seasonal rounds' means the pattern of moving from one resource-gathering area to another, following a cycle that repeats every year, so people know when and where to gather food.