Mathematics 3

A 3-digit number is made of hundreds, tens, and ones — like 428 is 4 hundreds, 2 tens, and 8 ones.

A fraction shows equal-sized parts of ONE whole or ONE group — the parts must be the same size, even if not the same shape.

When ones or tens add up to 10 or more, regroup them into the next place — 10 ones become 1 ten, 10 tens become 1 hundred.

Facts to 20 can be figured out with strategies (making 10, doubles) but the goal is to know many of them from memory.

To compare two numbers, look at the hundreds first, then the tens, then the ones.

Multiplying means putting together the same number of things, several times — 4 groups of 3 is 4 × 3.

Dividing means splitting a total into equal groups or equal shares — 12 shared among 4 friends is 12 ÷ 4.

An increasing pattern gets bigger by the same amount each time, like 2, 4, 6, 8.

A pattern rule tells the starting number and what happens each step, like 'start at 3, add 5 each time'.

A decreasing pattern gets smaller by the same amount each time, like 20, 17, 14, 11.

Building the pattern with real objects first makes it easier to see and describe the rule.

An equation with a missing number, like 7 + __ = 12, is asking 'what goes with 7 to make 12?'.

Using objects, drawings, or known facts helps figure out the hidden number in an addition or subtraction equation.

Length is measured in centimetres and metres using a ruler or metre stick.

An analog clock has an hour hand and a minute hand; a digital clock shows the time in numbers.

Mass is measured in grams and kilograms on a scale; capacity (how much a container holds) is measured in millilitres and litres.

A calendar organizes days into weeks and weeks into months, which helps figure out how much time has passed or is left.

3D shapes have faces (flat surfaces), edges (where two faces meet), and vertices (corners).

You can construct a 3D shape from materials like straws and connectors, modelling clay, or by folding a paper net.

One-to-one correspondence means each answer gets exactly one mark, picture, or square on the graph or table.

In a simulated activity (like a spinner or dice), some outcomes are more likely and some are less likely, depending on how the sections or numbers are set up.

Bar graphs, pictographs, charts, and tables all organize the same kind of data — reading them helps answer questions like 'which is most?' or 'how many in all?'.

Comparing words describe likelihood: more likely, less likely, equally likely, certain, impossible.

Canadian coins and bills combine to make amounts up to 100 dollars — count bills first, then coins, largest value first.

Earning means receiving money for doing work or a job; a payment means giving money to get something.