Saskatchewan · Grade 10
Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10
Saskatchewan’s Grade 10 math course, from Numbers and Radicals to Linear Functions and Systems.
- Units
- 5
- Lessons
- 10
- Skills
- 25
- Provincial exam
- None
- Official curriculum
- Saskatchewan Ministry of Education
Unit by unit
Every skill in the course, with its official code.
Unit 1 · 6 skills
Numbers and Radicals
Factors and Roots
Prime factors, GCF, and LCM
I can find the prime factors of a whole number and use them to find the GCF and LCM of two numbers.
Official code: FP10.1
Square roots and cube roots
I can find the principal square root and cube root of a whole number using its prime factors.
Official code: FP10.1
Irrational Numbers and Radicals
Representing and identifying irrational numbers
I can represent an irrational number in radical and exponent form and tell whether a number is rational or irrational.
Official code: FP10.2
Simplifying radicals and mixed radicals
I can simplify a radical by writing it as a mixed radical, and rewrite a mixed radical as an entire radical.
Official code: FP10.2
Ordering radicals and relating to rationals
I can order radicals and rational numbers together on a number line.
Official code: FP10.2
Applying exponent laws
I can apply the exponent laws to simplify expressions with rational exponents and radicals.
Official code: FP10.2
The official wording · 6 outcomes
- FP10.1
- Demonstrate understanding of factors of whole numbers by determining the: • prime factors • greatest common factor • least common multiple
- FP10.1
- Demonstrate understanding of factors of whole numbers by determining the: • principal square root • cube root.
- FP10.2
- Demonstrate understanding of irrational numbers in both radical (including mixed radical) and exponent forms through: • representing • identifying
- FP10.2
- irrational numbers in both radical (including mixed radical) and exponent forms through: • simplifying
- FP10.2
- irrational numbers in both radical (including mixed radical) and exponent forms through: • ordering • relating to rational numbers
- FP10.2
- irrational numbers in both radical (including mixed radical) and exponent forms through: • applying exponent laws.
Key ideas
Every whole number greater than 1 factors uniquely into primes, e.g. 180 = 2^2 x 3^2 x 5.
An irrational number cannot be written as a fraction of integers; its decimal never repeats or terminates.
The GCF is the product of the shared prime factors (lowest powers); the LCM is the product of all prime factors (highest powers).
A radical can be written in exponent form: the square root of 5 = 5^(1/2), and the cube root of 5 = 5^(1/3).
Grouping prime factors in pairs gives a square root; grouping in triples gives a cube root.
Watch out for
- Stopping the factor tree before every branch is prime.
- Calling every square root irrational (the square root of 9 is 3, rational).
- Confusing GCF (shared, lowest powers) with LCM (all, highest powers).
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 2 · 5 skills
Measurement and Trigonometry
SI and Imperial Measurement
Linear measurement in SI and imperial
I can measure and convert lengths within and between the SI and imperial systems.
Official code: FP10.3
Surface area of 3-D objects
I can find the surface area of a sphere, cone, cylinder, prism, or pyramid.
Official code: FP10.3
Volume of 3-D objects
I can find the volume of a sphere, cone, cylinder, prism, or pyramid.
Official code: FP10.3
Right Triangle Trigonometry
Setting up the primary trig ratios
I can identify the opposite, adjacent, and hypotenuse sides and write the correct trig ratio for an angle.
Official code: FP10.4
Solving right triangles
I can find a missing side or angle in a right triangle using a trig ratio.
Official code: FP10.4
The official wording · 5 outcomes
- FP10.3
- Demonstrate understanding of SI and imperial units of measurement including: • linear measurement • relationships between and within measurement systems.
- FP10.3
- SI and imperial units of measurement including: • surface area of spheres, and right cones, cylinders, prisms, and pyramids
- FP10.3
- SI and imperial units of measurement including: • volume of spheres, and right cones, cylinders, prisms, and pyramids
- FP10.4
- Develop and apply the primary trigonometric ratios (sine, cosine, tangent) to solve problems that involve right triangles.
- FP10.4
- apply the primary trigonometric ratios (sine, cosine, tangent) to solve problems that involve right triangles.
Key ideas
Within SI, units scale by powers of 10 (1 m = 100 cm = 1000 mm).
For a reference angle: sine = opposite/hypotenuse, cosine = adjacent/hypotenuse, tangent = opposite/adjacent (SOH-CAH-TOA).
Between systems, use a conversion factor: 1 inch is about 2.54 cm.
The hypotenuse is always opposite the right angle; opposite and adjacent depend on the chosen angle.
Surface area is the total area of all faces or surfaces of a 3-D object.
Watch out for
- Multiplying when you should divide during a conversion.
- Swapping opposite and adjacent when the reference angle changes.
- Mixing up which system a unit belongs to (feet vs metres).
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 3 · 3 skills
Algebra and Polynomials
Multiplying and Factoring Polynomials
Multiplying polynomials
I can multiply polynomials by distributing each term.
Official code: FP10.5
Common factoring
I can factor a polynomial by pulling out the greatest common factor.
Official code: FP10.5
Factoring trinomials
I can factor a trinomial into two binomials and check by multiplying.
Official code: FP10.5
The official wording · 3 outcomes
- FP10.5
- Demonstrate understanding of the multiplication and factoring of polynomial expressions (concretely, pictorially, and symbolically) including: • multiplying of monomials, binomials, and trinomials
- FP10.5
- multiplication and factoring of polynomial expressions (concretely, pictorially, and symbolically) including: • common factors
- FP10.5
- multiplication and factoring of polynomial expressions (concretely, pictorially, and symbolically) including: • trinomial factoring • relating multiplication and factoring of polynomials.
Key ideas
Multiply every term in one factor by every term in the other, then collect like terms.
An area model organizes the products: (2x+3)(x-5) fills a rectangle grid.
The GCF of a polynomial is the largest monomial dividing every term.
Factoring out the GCF reverses the distributive property: 6x^2 + 9x = 3x(2x + 3).
For x^2 + bx + c, find two numbers that multiply to c and add to b.
Watch out for
- Multiplying only the first terms and last terms (missing the middle products).
- Errors with signs when a term is negative.
- Factoring out only the number and forgetting the common variable.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 4 · 4 skills
Relations and Functions
Relations and Functions
Relating data, graphs, and situations
I can move between a table, a graph, and a real situation for the same relation.
Official code: FP10.6
Distinguishing relations from functions
I can decide whether a relation is a function.
Official code: FP10.6
Slope
Slope as rate of change and rise over run
I can find the slope of a line as rise over run and interpret it as a rate of change.
Official code: FP10.7
Slopes of parallel and perpendicular lines
I can tell if two lines are parallel or perpendicular from their slopes.
Official code: FP10.7
The official wording · 4 outcomes
- FP10.6
- Expand and apply understanding of relations and functions including: • relating data, graphs, and situations • analyzing and interpreting
- FP10.6
- relations and functions including: • distinguishing between relations and functions.
- FP10.7
- understanding of slope (concretely, pictorially, and symbolically) with respect to: • line segments and lines • rate of change • ratio of rise to run
- FP10.7
- slope (concretely, pictorially, and symbolically) with respect to: • parallel lines • perpendicular lines.
Key ideas
A relation can be shown as a set of ordered pairs, a table, a graph, or a described situation.
Slope = rise/run = (y2 - y1)/(x2 - x1) between two points.
Reading a graph means interpreting what the points and shape mean in context.
In context, slope is a rate of change, e.g. dollars per hour or metres per second.
A function assigns exactly one output to each input.
Watch out for
- Reading the axes backwards (swapping input and output).
- Computing run over rise instead of rise over run.
- Ignoring the context when interpreting a graph's shape.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Unit 5 · 7 skills
Linear Functions and Systems
Linear Relations
Representing linear relations
I can represent the same linear relation in words, a table, a graph, an equation, and function notation.
Official code: FP10.8
Slope, intercepts, domain, and range
I can find the slope, x- and y-intercepts, domain, and range of a linear relation.
Official code: FP10.8
Equation forms and function notation
I can convert a linear equation between slope-intercept and general form and evaluate it in function notation.
Official code: FP10.8
Equations of Lines and Systems
Writing equations of lines
I can write the equation of a line from a graph, from a point and slope, or from two points.
Official code: FP10.9
Equations of parallel and perpendicular lines
I can write the equation of a line through a point that is parallel or perpendicular to a given line.
Official code: FP10.9
Systems of Linear Equations
Solving systems graphically
I can solve a system of two linear equations by graphing and reading the intersection.
Official code: FP10.10
Solving systems algebraically
I can solve a system of linear equations using substitution or elimination.
Official code: FP10.10
The official wording · 7 outcomes
- FP10.8
- Demonstrate understanding of linear relations including: • representing in words, ordered pairs, tables of values, graphs, function notation, and equations
- FP10.8
- linear relations including: • determining characteristics including intercepts, slope, domain, and range
- FP10.8
- linear relations including: • relating different equation forms to each other and to graphs.
- FP10.9
- Demonstrate understanding of the writing and application of equations of linear relations, given: • a graph of a relation • a point that satisfies a relation and the slope of the relation • two distinct points that satisfy a relation
- FP10.9
- equations of linear relations, given: • a point that satisfies the relation and the equation of a line parallel or perpendicular to the relation.
- FP10.10
- Solve problems that involve systems of linear equations in two variables, graphically and algebraically.
- FP10.10
- Solve problems that involve systems of linear equations in two variables, graphically and algebraically.
Key ideas
A linear relation graphs as a straight line and can be written y = mx + b or f(x) = mx + b.
Point-slope form: y - y1 = m(x - x1) uses a point and the slope.
The solution of a system is the point where the two lines cross.
Each representation carries the same information: a table gives points, the equation gives the rule.
From two points, first find the slope, then use point-slope form.
Watch out for
- Plotting points from a table with x and y swapped.
- Substituting the point into the wrong variables in point-slope form.
- Reading the intersection off an inaccurate hand-drawn graph.
Every skill’s key ideas, worked examples and checks are in MapleMind.Practise this unit
Plan the term
Pick your term and the days you study. Each unit gets its share of the weeks and comes back a week later for a review. The last two weeks go over the whole course.
Which course?
Saskatchewan has 2 math courses for Grade 10. Here they are side by side.
- Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10This course5 units · 25 skillsNo provincial examWhat it coversNumbers and Radicals · Measurement and Trigonometry · Algebra and Polynomials · Relations and Functions · Linear Functions and Systems
- Workplace and Apprenticeship Mathematics 103 units · 22 skillsNo provincial examWhat it coversMeasurement and Formulas · Geometry and Trigonometry · Finance and Proportional Reasoning
What a university, college or program asks for is theirs to say: check its admission page, and your school’s course guide.
The official curriculum
This page follows Saskatchewan’s own curriculum for Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10.
Textbooks
The textbooks Saskatchewan Ministry of Education lists for Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10:
- McGraw-Hill Ryerson Mathematics 10
- Pearson Foundations and Pre-calculus Mathematics 10 (WNCP ed.)
From core resources, read October 27, 2026. curriculum.gov.sk.ca
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Questions about Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10
What is Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10?
Saskatchewan’s Grade 10 math course: 5 units and 25 skills, from Numbers and Radicals to Linear Functions and Systems.
What units are in Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10?
1. Numbers and Radicals, 2. Measurement and Trigonometry, 3. Algebra and Polynomials, 4. Relations and Functions and 5. Linear Functions and Systems.
Is there a provincial exam for Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10?
No. Saskatchewan gives no provincial exam for Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10.
What textbook does Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10 use?
The textbooks Saskatchewan Ministry of Education lists for Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Mathematics 10 and Pearson Foundations and Pre-calculus Mathematics 10 (WNCP ed.).
What comes after Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10?
Foundations of Mathematics 20, Pre-Calculus 20 and Workplace and Apprenticeship Mathematics 20.
Can MapleMind help with Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10?
Yes. MapleMind teaches every skill of Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-calculus 10, step by step, with practice and checks, and its tutor answers questions about any of them. It’s free with daily limits, on iPhone, Android and the web.
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